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ML facts & stats

7 fact-checked facts about machine learning, each with the reason behind it. 5 more are in today's round and join this page after it closes.

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The basics

What kind of task predicts a category, such as "spam" or "not spam"?

AnswerClassification

Classification assigns inputs to discrete categories; regression predicts numbers.

In reinforcement learning, an agent learns mainly from what?

AnswerRewards and penalties for its actions

A reinforcement learning agent tries actions and adjusts to earn more reward over time.

Going deeper

What is overfitting?

AnswerFitting training data so closely it does poorly on new data

An overfit model memorizes noise in its training data instead of learning general patterns.

In model training, what is an "epoch"?

AnswerOne full pass through the training data

An epoch means the model has seen every training example once.

What does the activation function name ReLU stand for?

AnswerRectified Linear Unit

ReLU outputs the input if it is positive and zero otherwise.

Expert level

How is precision calculated for a classifier?

AnswerTrue positives ÷ (true positives + false positives)

Precision is the share of predicted positives that are truly positive; true positives ÷ (true positives + false negatives) is recall.

Who introduced the perceptron, an early artificial neural network, in 1958?

AnswerFrank Rosenblatt

Frank Rosenblatt's perceptron was a simple learning unit that inspired later neural networks.

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